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lundi 9 juillet 2012

EXPOSITION DES SIMPLES MALGACHES 1942

Depuis un très beau livre
les temps les plus recu e les ommes ont cherché autour d'eux, en
particulier chez les végétaux, les
remèdes propres à adoucir leurs maux; ils suivaient
d'ailleurs en cela l'exemple d'animaux supérieurs tels que les carnivores qui savent à
propos rechercher certaines plantes lorsqu'ils se sentent malades. Aussi les peuplades,
même les plus arriérées, possèdent-elles un embryon de matière médicale, résumé de
l'expérience
des généralions antérieures.
Dans l'Europe médiévale les simples élaient plantés dans tous les Monastères
et c'est aussi en vue dl' leur culture que furent créés les premiers Jardins Botaniques.
Chez les primitifs, la vertu des simples relève aulanl de la magie que de la
thérapeutique, ils y allachenl une valeur morale et les poisons les plus violents sont
souvent considérés comme des manifeslations expressives de la volonlé divine. De là
les praliques ordaliques lelles que l'applicetion du tanguin à la recherche des coupables qui fut en honneur au temps du c Noble Désiré de l'lmerina '.
Celle confusion des valeurs, sceau de l'esprit préscienlifique, ne fuI pas spéciale
il la médecine empirique, mais marqua au début Ioules les disciplines: le mythe de la
digestion. la
disfinclion entre subslances organiques el non organiques en Chimie en sont
des exemples. N'y a-t-il pas encore aujourd'hui des personnes. soit disent dégagées de
l'empirisme, qui
pensent qu'un médicamenl cher doil êlre efficace, et un médicament bon
marché sans effet? C 'est là la forme moderne de la confusion des valeurs.
Ouoi qu'il en soit, au XV[JJe siècle en France. actuellement chez nos sorciers
malgaches et aussi sur certains placards publicitaires on valorisait et l'on valorise encore, les drogues par des panégyriques qui leur atlribuenl les propriétés les plus extraor­ dinaires. Le nombre des qualificatifs pompeux et impénélrables qui suivaient les noms de plantes dans les anciennes pharmacopées est suggestifs il cet égard.
A ces louanges exagérées devait succéder un mépris non moins exagéré. Le
rapide développement de la chimie permit en effet d'isoler les principes actifs des simples el on pensa les appliquer avec plus de fruil que les produits végétaux eux-mêmes. Mais il fallut déchanter: Les alcaloïdes ou les hélérosides s'ils ont l'avantage d'une aclion plus régulière el souvent plus héroïque, ne valent pas toujours le complexe végélal dans......

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mardi 3 juillet 2012

Theory of Machines

Theory of Machines By R.S. Khurmi, J.K. Gupta

Theory of Machines By R.S. Khurmi, J.K. Gupta While writing the book,we have continuously kept in mind the examination requirments of the students preparing for U.P.S.C.(Engg. Services)and A.M.I.E.(I)examinations.In order to make this volume more useful for them,complete solutions of their examination papers up to 1975 have also been included.Every care has been taken to make this treatise as self-explanatory as possible.The subject matter has been amply illustrated by incorporating a good number of solved,unsolved and well graded examples of almost every variety.
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Fluid Mechanics and Hydraulic Machines

A Text Book of Fluid Mechanics and Hydraulic Machines By Dr. R.K. Bansal, R.K. Bansal, Dr. Bansal, R.K. In the ninth edition, a new chapter entitled Ideal Flow (or Potential Flow) has been added. Potential flow has been included in most of Indian Universities. This chapter has been written in a simple and easy-to-follow language so that even an average student can grasp the subject matter by self-study. Also a few new topics such as "Liquids in Relative Equilibrium" and "Pipe Network" have been added in this edition. The topic of Pipe Network has been included in the chapter of Flow Through Pipes. The pipe network is mostly used in city water supply system, Laboratory supply system or house hold supply of water and gas.

The objective type multiple-choice questions are often asked in the various competitive examinations. Hence a large number of objective type questions with answers have been added in the end of the book.

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Rang & Dale’s Pharmacology, 7 edition

Rang & Dale's Pharmacology, 7th Edition
Rang & Dale’s Pharmacology, 7 edition
Ch…hill Li…tone | 2011 | ISBN: 0702034711 | 792 pages | PDF | 20,8 MB

Rang & Dale's Pharmacology provides you with all the knowledge you need to get through your pharmacology course and beyond. Drs. Humphrey P. Rang, Maureen M. Dale, James M. Ritter, Rod Flower, and Graeme Henderson present a clear and accessible approach to the analysis of therapeutic agents at the cellular and molecular level through detailed diagrams, full-color illustrations, and pedagogical features. Plus, USMLE-style review questions and additional learning tools online at studentconsult.com make this the perfect resource to turn to for a full understanding of key concepts in pharmacology.

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The Cell

The Cell: A Molecular Approach By Geoffrey M. Cooper, Robert E. Hausman
The Cell: A Molecular Approach (Fourth Edition )
By Geoffrey M. Cooper, Robert E. Hausman


Courses in molecular and cellular biology are a cornerstone of undergraduate programs in the life sciences. The material is not only fundamental to all of biology, but also represents an exciting and rapidly moving area of science. This makes teaching undergraduates a rewarding experience, but also a challenging task. The Cell: A Molecular Approach meets this challenge by providing students with not only the most current information, but also with a conceptual framework and an introduction to the experimental nature of contemporary research. Designed for use in one-semester introductory cell biology courses, The Cell presents current comprehensive science in a readable and cohesive text that students can master in the course of one semester.
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Plant Anatomy

Plant Anatomy: An Applied Approach
David F. Cutler, Ted Botha, Dennis Wm. Stevenson "Plant Anatomy: An Applied Approach"
Wiley-Blackwell | 2008-03-21 | ISBN: 1405126795 | 312 pages | PDF | 7,5 MB


This indispensable textbook provides a comprehensive, up-to-date overview of all aspects of plant anatomy.
• Emphasizes the application of plant anatomy and its relevance to modern botanical research.
• Features expanded treatment on vegetative anatomy and additional material on functional anatomy.
• Includes a CD ROM of high quality photographs and scanning electron microscope images giving students access to the microscopic detail of plant structures essential to gaining a real understanding of the subject.
• Exercises for the laboratory are also included on the CD ROM making this work an indispensable resource for lectures and laboratory classes.


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Electrical Technology

R. K. Rajput, "A Textbook of Electrical Technology"
Laxmi Publications 2004 ISBN: 9380386348, 8131806030 ISBN-13: 9789380386348, 9788131806036 619 pages PDF 23,7 MB

This book on "Electrical Technology" has been specifically written for B.E. First year examination of K.U. Kurukshetra, GJU, Hissar & M.D.U. Rohtak, Haryana, Strictly according to the latest syllabus. It consists of 7 chapters in all, covering exhaustively the various topics in different chapters of the complete syllabus. Besides this the book also contains "Laboratory Practicals" to apprise the students about the practical aspects of the subject.

Features:
The presentation of the subject matter is very systematic and the language of text is lucid, direct and easy to understand.Each chapter of book is saturated with much needed text supported by neat and self-explanatory diagrams to make the subject self-speaking to a great extent.
A large number of solved examples, properly graded, have been added in various chapters to enable the students to attempt different types of questions in the examination without any difficulty.
At the end of each chapter Highlights, Objective Type Questions, Theoretical Questions and Unsolved Examples have been added to make the book a complete unit in all respects.
Table Of Contents :
1. D.C. Circuits and Network Analysis
2. A.C. Circuits
3. Three-Phase A.C. Network
4. Transformerss
5. Rotating Machines
6. Measuring Instruments
7. Miscellany
Miscellaneous Examinations'Question-Wtih Solutions
Laboratory Experiments

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Power Electronics

Control in Power Electronics: Selected Problems
Control in Power Electronics: Selected Problems By Marian P. Kazmierkowski, Ramu Krishnan
Control in Power Electronics explores all aspects of the study and use of electronic integrated circuits for the control and conversion of electrical energy. This technology is a critical part of our energy infrastructure, and supports almost all important electrical applications and devices. Improvements in devices and advances in control concepts have led to steady improvements in power electronic applications. This is driving a tremendous expansion of their applications.
 Control in Power Electronics brings together a team of leading experts as contributors. This is the first book to thoroughly combine control methods and techniques for power electronic systems. The development of new semiconductor power components, new topologies of converters from one side coupled with advances in modern control theory and digital signal processors has made this book possible and presents the applications necessary for modern design engineers.
 The authors were originally brought together to share research and applications through the international Danfoss Professor Programme at Aalborg University in Denmark.
 Personal computers would be unwieldy and inefficient without power electronic dc supplies. Portable communication devices and computers would also be impractical. High-performance lighting systems, motor controls, and a wide range of industrial controls depend on power electronics. In the near future we can expect strong growth in automotive applications, dc power supplies for communication systems, portable applications, and high-end converters. We are approaching a time when all electrical energy will be processed and controlled through power electronics somewhere in the path from generation to end use.

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Electronic Materials and Processes Handbook

Electronic Materials and Processes Handbook

Electronic Materials and Processes Handbook By Charles A. Harper

Publisher: McGraw-Hill | ISBN: 0071402144 | edition 2003 | PDF | 752 pages | 10 mb
Electronic materials are the actual semiconductors, plastics, metals and ceramics that make up the chips and packages from which we construct today’s cell phones, palmtops, and PDAs. The switch in applications from PCs to smaller communications devices has driven the micro-miniaturization trend in electronics, which in turn has created a new set of challenges in creating materials to meet their specifications. This new edition, the first update of the handbook since 1993, is a complete rewrite, reflecting the great importance of engineering materials for thermal management and flexibility and micro-miniature sizes. This new handbook will be an invaluable tool to anyone working electronic packaging, fabrication, or assembly design.
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The Engineering of Chemical Reactions

The Engineering of Chemical ReactionsLanny D. Schmidt, "The Engineering of Chemical Reactions"
Oxford University Press, USA 1997 ISBN: 0195105885 336 pages PDF 15,4 MB

Employment opportunities for chemical engineers are moving away from petroleum and petrochemicals toward new applications such as materials processing, pharmaceuticals, and foods. Chemical reactors remain at the center of any chemical process; they are essential to improving existing processes
and to designing new ones. Today and in the future chemical engineers must be able to use their knowledge of reactors in combination with other skills in order to think creatively and strategically about new processes and growing applications.
The Engineering of Chemical Reactions addresses these issues by focusing on the analysis of chemical reactors while simultaneously providing a description of industrial chemical processes and the strategies by which they operate. Ideal for upper-level undergraduate courses in chemical reactor
engineering and kinetics, this text provides a concise, up-to-date alternative to similar texts. In addition to the analysis of simple chemical reactors, it considers more complex situations such as multistage reactors and reactor-separation systems. Energy management and the role of mass transfer
in chemical reactors are also integrated into the text.
The evolution of chemical engineering from petroleum refining, through petrochemicals and polymers, to new applications is described so that students can see the relationships between past, present, and future technologies. Applications such as catalytic processes, environmental modeling,
biological reactions, reactions involving solids, oxidation, combustion, safety, polymerization, and multiphase reactors are also described.
The text uses a notation of reaction stoichiometry and reactor mass balances which is kept simple so that students can see the principles of reactor design without becoming lost in complex special cases. Numerical methods are used throughout to consider more complex problems. Worked examples are
given throughout the text, and over 300 homework problems are included. Both the examples and problems cover real-world chemistry and kinetics

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Biochemistry




Publisher: Brooks Cole | ISBN: 0495119121 | edition 2006 | PDF | 851 pages | 25,36 mb
In Biochemistry, the questions often are more exhilarating than the answers. This Updated Third Edition continues the unique conceptual and organizing framework, "Essential Questions." Guiding students through the density of the material by the use of section head questions, supporting concept statements, and summaries, this focused approach is supported by unparalleled text/media integration through BiochemistryNow, providing students with a seamless learning system. Beautifully and consistently illustrated, this text gives science majors the most current presentation of biochemistry available. Written by a chemist and a biologist, the book presents biochemistry from balanced perspectives. This Updated Edition includes "Emerging Insights into Biochemistry" at the end of each chapter, which present students with the latest advances in biochemical research. The Updated Edition also is enhanced by the power of the online assessment-centered learning tool, BiochemistryNow. This powerful online learning companion helps students gauge their unique study needs and provides them with a Personalized Learning plan that enhances their problem-solving skills and conceptual understanding.
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Modern Experimental Biochemistry

Modern Experimental Biochemistry

Modern Experimental Biochemistry By Rodney F. Boyer

Publisher: Prentice Hall | ISBN: 0805331115 | edition 2000 | PDF | 480 pages | 17,85 mb

The latest edition of this successful text provides readers with a modern and complete experience in experimental biochemistry. Part I, Theory and Experimental Techniques, provides in-depth theoretical discussion organized around important techniques. A valuable reference for instructors and students, it's particularly useful to instructors who prefer to use their own customized experiments. Part II, Experiments, offers optimum flexibility through 15 tested experiments designed to accommodate the capabilities of laboratories and students at most four-year schools. Alternate methods are suggested and labs may be divided into manageable hour segments. The book offers the latest safety and environmental precautions in each experiment to inform students and instructors of potential hazards and proper disposal of materials. For anyone interested in science.

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Medicinal Natural Products

Medicinal Natural Products: A Biosynthetic Approach
Medicinal Natural Products: A Biosynthetic Approach by Paul M. Dewick 3rd Edition
Publisher: Wiley | 3 edition (March 30, 2009) | ISBN: 0470741678 | Pages: 550 | PDF | 7.0 MB

Medicinal Natural Products: A Biosynthetic Approach, Third Edition, provides a comprehensive and balanced introduction to natural products from a biosynthetic perspective, focussing on the metabolic sequences leading to various classes of natural products. The book builds upon fundamental chemical principles and guides the reader through a wealth of diverse natural metabolites with particular emphasis on those used in medicine.

There have been rapid advances in biosynthetic understanding over the past decade through enzymology, gene isolation and genetic engineering. Medicinal Natural Products has been extended and fully updated in this new edition to reflect and explain these developments and other advances in the field. It retains the user-friendly style and highly acclaimed features of previous editions:

* a comprehensive treatment of plant, microbial, and animal natural products in one volume
* extensive use of chemical schemes with annotated mechanistic
explanations* cross-referencing to emphasize links and similarities
* boxed topics giving further details of medicinal materials, covering sources, production methods, use as drugs, semi-synthetic derivatives and synthetic analogues, and modes of action

Medicinal Natural Products: A Biosynthetic Approach, Third Edition, is an invaluable textbook for students of pharmacy, pharmacognosy, medicinal chemistry, biochemistry and natural products chemistry.

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